This Academic Policy uses terms and definitions drawn from the normative documents on the basis of which it was developed.
Academic mobility — the movement of students or teacher-researchers for study or research during a specific academic period (a semester or academic year) to another higher/postgraduate education organisation (domestic or foreign), with mandatory transfer of completed programmes and disciplines as academic credits at their home institution, or for continued study at another higher education institution.
Academic freedom — the set of powers granted to participants in the educational process to independently determine the content of education in elective disciplines, additional forms of learning, and the organisation of educational activity, in order to create conditions for the creative development of students and faculty and the application of innovative technologies and teaching methods.
Academic degree — a degree awarded by education organisations to students who have completed the relevant educational programmes, based on the results of final attestation.
Academic calendar — the calendar of teaching and control activities and professional practice throughout the academic year, indicating rest days (holidays and breaks).
Academic credit — a unified unit for measuring the volume of a student's and/or faculty member's research and/or academic work (workload).
Academic leave — a period during which students (undergraduates, interns, master's students, listeners, doctoral students) temporarily interrupt their studies for medical reasons, military service, or maternity/childcare leave until a child reaches age 3.
Academic period — a period of theoretical instruction, independently established by the education organisation in one of three forms: semester, trimester, or quarter.
Academic rating of a student — a quantitative indicator of a student's level of mastery of the disciplines and/or modules and other learning activities, compiled from the results of interim attestation.
Active handout materials — visual illustrative materials distributed during classes to motivate students toward creative, successful mastery of a topic (lecture abstracts, links, slides, examples, glossary, independent-work assignments).
Academic hour — a unit for measuring the volume of classes or other learning activities; 1 academic hour equals 50 minutes, and is used in compiling the academic calendar (educational-process schedule), class timetables, in planning and recording material covered, and in planning teaching workload and recording faculty work.
Academic integrity — the set of values and principles expressing a student's honesty in learning, in written work (tests, coursework, essays, diploma works, dissertations), in exam answers, in research, in expressing one's own views, in relationships with academic staff, faculty and other students, and in assessment.
Academic fraud — any act aimed at obtaining an unjustified academic advantage through deception, forgery, or the use of prohibited means.
Appeal — a procedure initiated by a student in the event of doubt about the objectivity of an assessment.
Bachelor — a degree awarded to persons who have completed higher-education programmes.
Bachelor's programme (undergraduate studies) — a level of higher education aimed at training personnel with the award of a "bachelor" degree under the relevant educational programme, requiring completion of at least 240 academic credits.
Point-rating letter grading system for learning achievements
— a system for assessing the level of learning achievements in points, corresponding to the letter system with numeric equivalent accepted in international practice, allowing a student rating to be established.
University component — the list of disciplines and corresponding minimum volumes of academic credits, independently determined by the higher/postgraduate education organisation for completion of the educational programme.
Higher specialised education (specialist degree) — a level of higher education aimed at training personnel with the award of a specialist qualification under the relevant educational programme, requiring completion of at least 300 academic credits.
Double-degree education — the opportunity to study under two educational programmes and curricula in order to obtain two equivalent diplomas, or one primary and one additional diploma.
Descriptors — a description of the level and volume of knowledge, abilities, skills and competencies acquired by students on completion of an educational programme at the relevant level (stage)
of higher and postgraduate education, based on learning outcomes, competencies formed, and academic credits.
Diploma thesis — a final-year work that summarises the results of a student's independent study of a topical problem relevant to the profile of the educational programme.
Diploma project — a student's final-year work representing the independent solution of applied problems relevant to the profile of the educational programme, carried out using project-based approaches and/or in the form of business projects, models, creative projects, or other projects.
Distance learning — learning carried out through interaction between teacher and students at a distance, including through the use of information and communication technologies and telecommunications.
Additional educational programme (Minor) — a set of disciplines and/or modules and other learning activities chosen by a student in order to build additional competencies.
Dual education — a form of training that combines study at an education organisation with mandatory periods of study and professional practice at an enterprise (organisation), with workplace provision under equal responsibility of the enterprise, the institution, and the student.
European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) — a method for converting credits earned by a student abroad into credits recognised for degree purposes upon their return to their home institution, and for accumulating credits within educational programmes.
Course registration — the procedure for registering students for courses.
Individual study plan — a student's curriculum, independently
formed by the student for each academic year with the help of an adviser, based on the educational programme and the catalogue of elective disciplines.
Inclusive education — a process ensuring equal access to education for all students, taking into account special educational needs and individual abilities.
Final attestation of students — a procedure conducted to determine the degree to which students have mastered the volume of disciplines and/or modules and other learning activities provided for by the educational programme, in accordance with the state compulsory standard of the relevant level of education.
Catalogue of elective disciplines — a systematised, annotated list of elective-component disciplines, containing a brief description of their purpose, brief content (main sections), and expected learning outcomes (knowledge, abilities, skills and competencies students will acquire).
Classifier of fields of training for higher and postgraduate education — a document establishing the classification and coding of fields of training for higher and postgraduate education, used in implementing higher and postgraduate educational programmes.
Competencies — the ability to practically apply knowledge, abilities and skills acquired during learning in professional activity. Elective component — the list of disciplines and corresponding minimum volumes of academic credits offered by the higher/postgraduate education organisation, independently chosen by students in any academic period taking into account their prerequisites and postrequisites.
Control of students' learning achievements — verification of students' level of knowledge through various forms of control (current, milestone, interim and final) and attestation, independently determined by the higher education institution.
Credit mobility — the movement of students for a limited period of study or internship abroad — within the framework of continuing study at their home institution — for the purpose of accumulating academic credits (after the mobility phase, students return to their home institution to complete their studies).
Credit-based learning technology — learning based on a student's choice and independent planning of the sequence in which disciplines and/or modules are studied, with the accumulation of academic credits.
Master — a degree awarded to persons who have completed master's programmes.
Master's programme — postgraduate education whose programmes are aimed at training personnel with the award of a "master's" degree.
Module — an autonomous structural element of an educational programme, complete in terms of learning outcomes,
with clearly formulated knowledge, abilities, skills and competencies to be acquired by students, and adequate assessment criteria.
Modular learning — a method of organising the educational process based on the modular structuring of the educational programme, curriculum, and disciplines.
Micro-credential — a confirmed learning outcome from a short-term educational programme aimed at building specific professional skills and competencies.
Stackable degree — a combination of skills and competencies from various fields or areas of professional activity, obtained through formal and non-formal education.
National qualifications framework — a structured description of qualification levels recognised in the labour market.
Non-formal education — educational activity carried out outside the formal education system, aimed at developing professional and personal competencies.
Educational programme — a unified set of the core characteristics of education, including the goals, outcomes and content of learning, the organisation of the educational process, the ways and methods of its implementation, and criteria for assessing learning outcomes.
Compulsory component — the list of disciplines and corresponding minimum volumes of academic credits established by the State Compulsory Education Standard, which students are required to study under the programme.
Primary educational programme (Major) — an educational programme chosen by a student to build core competencies.
Higher and/or postgraduate education organisation — a higher education institution implementing higher and/or
postgraduate educational programmes and carrying out research activity.
Course description — a brief description of a discipline (3–8 sentences), covering its goals, objectives and content.
Sectoral qualifications framework — a structured description of qualification levels recognised within an industry.
Online learning — learning that uses a set of telecommunication technologies designed to allow students, asynchronously and at a time convenient to them, to master the main body of required information without direct contact with an instructor.
Offline (live) learning — synchronous learning involving direct, real-time contact between instructor and students,
including through internet platforms and other communication tools.
Academic integrity policy — a system of principles, rules and procedures aimed at preventing, detecting and resolving academic integrity violations.
Prerequisites — disciplines and/or modules and other learning activities containing the knowledge, abilities, skills and competencies needed to master the discipline and/or module being studied.
Postrequisites — disciplines and/or modules and other learning activities that require the knowledge, abilities, skills and competencies acquired on completion of the given discipline and/or module.
Career guidance — providing information and advisory support to a student in exercising their rights in relation to educational and professional opportunities, and in freely and consciously choosing a profession and place of study in line with their professional interests, individual abilities and psychophysiological characteristics.
Professional practice — a type of learning activity aimed at consolidating theoretical knowledge and abilities, and acquiring and developing practical skills and competencies while performing tasks related to future professional activity.
Professional standard — a standard defining, for a specific field of professional activity, the requirements for qualification and competence levels and for the content, quality and conditions of work.
Interim attestation of students — a procedure conducted during the examination session to assess the quality of students' mastery of part or all of the content of a discipline and/or
module, including professional modules, on completion of study.
Proctoring — a system for monitoring online examinations using digital observation technologies, to help ensure compliance with academic integrity principles.
Plagiarism — presenting other people's ideas, research results, texts, data or other intellectual products as one's own without appropriate attribution of the source.
Syllabus — a course document that includes a description of the discipline studied, its goals and objectives, a brief outline of its content, topics and the time allotted to them, independent-work assignments, consultation hours, the schedule for testing students' knowledge, instructor requirements, assessment criteria, and a reading list.
Modular curriculum — a curriculum document independently developed by the university, defining the structure of the educational programme, in which disciplines are grouped into modules oriented toward
learning outcomes, with each module aimed at building specific professional achievements on completion of a section (module) of a discipline. Independent work of students (SRO) — work on a defined list of topics set aside for independent study, supported by educational-methodological literature and recommendations, and monitored through tests, quizzes, colloquia, essays and reports. Depending on the category of student, it is divided into independent work of an undergraduate, a master's student, and a doctoral student; the entire volume of independent work is confirmed by assignments requiring daily independent effort from the student.
Independent work of students under instructor guidance (SROP) — a student's work under instructor guidance, carried out on a separate schedule set by the institution or the instructor; depending on the category of student, it is divided into: independent work of an undergraduate under instructor guidance, of a master's student under instructor guidance, and of a doctoral student under instructor guidance.
Joint educational programme — an educational programme jointly developed and delivered by two or more universities.
Grade Point Average (GPA) — a weighted average assessment of a student's level of learning achievement over a given period under the chosen programme (the ratio of the sum of credits multiplied by the numeric equivalent of the final grade points for all types of coursework, to the total number of credits for that coursework in the given period of study).
Current progress control of students — systematic verification of students' knowledge in accordance with the syllabus, carried out by the instructor in in-class and out-of-class activities during the academic period.
Standard curriculum programme — a curriculum document for a compulsory-component discipline of an educational programme, defining its content, volume, and recommended literature in accordance with sub-clause 5-
2) of Article 5 of the Law.
Transcript — a document containing a list of disciplines and/or modules and other learning activities completed for the relevant period of study, with credits and grades indicated.
Tutor — an instructor acting as a student's academic adviser for mastering a specific discipline and/or module.
Learning achievements of students — the knowledge, abilities, skills and competencies acquired by students during learning, reflecting their achieved level of personal development.
Student Service Centre — an academic service responsible for
recording a student's entire history of learning achievements and for organising all forms of knowledge control and calculating the student's academic rating.
Digital educational environment — the set of information systems, electronic resources, educational platforms and digital services that support delivery of the educational process.
Adviser, curator/mentor — an instructor performing the functions of academic mentor for a student on the relevant educational programme, assisting in choosing a learning trajectory (forming an individual study plan) and in completing the educational programme during study.
Elective disciplines — disciplines within the university component and the elective component, offered within established academic credits and introduced by education organisations, reflecting a student's individual training and taking into account the specifics of socio-economic development, the needs of a particular region, and established scientific schools.
